Ernest Rutherford, 1st Baron Rutherford of Nelson (30 August 1871 – 19 October 1937), [8] was a New Zealand physicist and chemist who was a pioneering researcher in both atomic and nuclear physics.

Alfa ışınlarının elektrik ve magnetik alanlarda sapmaya uğradığını 1903'te belirleyen Rutherford, sapmanın yönünü inceleyerek, bu ışınların artı elektrik yüklü parçacıklardan oluştuğu sonucuna vardı.

Ernest Rutherford, British physicist who discovered that the atom is mostly empty space surrounding a massive nucleus and who did many pioneering experiments with radioactivity.

Das Rutherford Atommodell ist das erste Atommodell, das den Atomkern einführt. Laut Rutherford ist der Atomkern im Zentrum des Atoms sehr klein und positiv geladen. Außerdem enthält er nahezu die gesamte Masse des Atoms. Die Elektronen kreisen in einer fast leeren Atomhülle um den Atomkern.

Rutherford was knighted in 1914; he was appointed to the Order of Merit in 1925, and in 1931 he was created First Baron Rutherford of Nelson, New Zealand, and Cambridge. He was elected Fellow of the Royal Society in 1903 and was its President from 1925 to 1930.

Das rutherfordsche Modell des Atoms mit Kern (engl.: nucleus) war die Grundlage der Atomtheorie Niels Bohrs, der im Sommer 1912 bei Rutherford gearbeitet hatte und Mitte 1913 seine neuen Ideen publizierte.

Beim Rutherford Streuversuch werden Alphateilchen auf eine Goldfolie gestrahlt. Die Alphateilchen sind positiv geladene Heliumkerne. Sie haben keine Elektronen. Ziel des Versuchs ist es zu sehen, ob und wie die Alphateilchen abgelenkt werden.

Ernest Rutherford (1871–1937) postulated the nuclear structure of the atom, discovered alpha and beta rays, and proposed the laws of radioactive decay. He received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1908.

Atom modelinin dozunu belirlemek ve bu yolu çizmek amacıyla ele alınan yöntem Rutherford atom modeli olarak ifade edilir. Ernest Rutherford tarafından 1911 yılında keşfedilen fiziksel bir atom modeli olduğunu söylemek mümkün.

Working with Frederick Soddy, Rutherford advanced the hypothesis that helium gas could be formed from radioactive substances. In 1902 they formulated a revolutionary theory: that elements could disintegrate and be transformed into other elements.