Soil is a product of several factors: the influence of climate, relief (elevation, orientation, and slope of terrain), organisms, and the soil's parent materials (original minerals) interacting over time. [4]

Soil is one of the principal substrata of life on Earth, serving as a reservoir of water and nutrients, as a medium for the filtration and breakdown of injurious wastes, and as a participant in the cycling of carbon and other elements through the global ecosystem.

SOIL is at the interface between the atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere. SOIL publishes scientific research that contributes to understanding the soil system and its interaction with humans and the entire Earth system.

soil noun [C/U] (EARTH) the material on the surface of the ground in which plants grow; earth:

What is Soil? Soil is a biologically active porous medium that is present on the uppermost layer on the uppermost layer of the Earth’s crust formed by weathering processes under various influences.

What is soil made of? Soil is a mix of mineral matter (weathered rock), air, water and organic matter. The balance of these components is important, especially for organic matter. It may be a small component of soil, but organic matter gives soil life, binds particles together and helps trap water.

Soil is the loose material that covers the Earth's surface in most parts of the world. It gives plants the nutrients they need to grow and plants give people and animals food to live. Soil also provides building materials, homes for animals, and things we use every day.

The evolution of soils and their properties is called soil formation, and pedologists have identified five fundamental soil formation processes that influence soil properties.

Soil Classification is used in a variety of disciplines such as soil science, engineering, and environmental management, to elevate soil properties and determine the appropriate land use.

Soil consists of horizons near the Earth's surface that, in contrast to the underlying parent material, have been altered by the interactions of climate, relief, and living organisms over time.